Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
ABSTRACT
Although the incidence of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) has been reported lower than arterial occlusion, recognition of its presence is important due to its possible fatal consequences. However, clinical diagnosis of CVT remains challenging due to the non-specific symptoms and the broad spectrum of presentation. Indeed, some cases of CVT may be benign, while others can lead to devastating disability, and even death. Therefore, early recognition of the presence of venous sinus occlusion is very import and requires a high degree of clinical suspicion. Progress in neuroimaging techniques has made the diagnosis of CVT easier and radiological studies are crucial in establishing the definitive diagnosis. The key point to effective management of CVT lies in the early diagnosis, appropriate symptomatic and etiologic based therapy. As the primary therapy, the antithrombotic treatment with anticoagulation, thrombolysis, and mechanical clot disruption have been applied. Since, numerous conditions and pathophysiological mechanisms can cause or predispose to CVT, identification of an underlying cause is also important and it may be of additional therapeutic implications. This review is to provide an outline of the diagnosis, etiology, and treatment of CVT.
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